国土安全部拟对留学生OPT收七万美元培训费，学校先缴费才能办毕业工签
据路透社10月7日报道，美国国土安全部（DHS）当天公布新规提案：持F-1学生签证的国际毕业生若要参加毕业后实习培训（OPT），须先缴纳至少7万美元培训费。这笔费用由认证学校在推荐学生参加OPT之前支付，移民局（USCIS）在费用缴清前不得批准工作许可。后续任何额外工作培训，包括STEM专业24个月延期，另收3万美元。
目前，留学生申请OPT只需缴纳约500美元的工卡申请费（I-765表格在线470美元）。新规意味着参加毕业实习的门槛从几百美元跃升至数万美元。国土安全部称，此举旨在"打击欺诈、维护移民体系完整、保护美国工人"，并形容现行OPT项目是进入美国劳动力市场的"后门"，要求外国学生"证明自己对雇主的价值"。
OPT允许F-1学生在就读期间每周工作不超过20小时，并在毕业后获得12个月与其专业相关的工作许可；STEM毕业生可再延长24个月，最长三年。长期以来，OPT是许多国际学生——尤其是来自中国和印度的理工科毕业生——衔接H-1B工作签证的重要桥梁。
这项提案已进入30天公众意见征集期，目前只是提案，尚未生效。舆论普遍预期一旦推进，将迅速面临法律挑战。这也是本届政府近期连续对高技能外国劳工加码收费的最新一步：今年8月，国土安全部已提议对H-1B申请征收103,265美元费用；此前一项由白宫公告推出的H-1B收费已被联邦法院叫停。
DHS Proposes $70,000 OPT Training Fee for International Graduates
The U.S. Department of Homeland Security on Wednesday proposed charging international graduates at least $70,000 in training fees to work in the United States under Optional Practical Training (OPT), Reuters reported. Under the plan, a certified school would have to pay the fee before recommending an F-1 student for OPT, and U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services could not approve the work permit until the fee is paid. Any additional work training, including the 24-month STEM extension, would cost another $30,000.
Today, students pay only about $500 to apply for work authorization (the I-765 filing fee is $470 online). DHS said the rule is meant "to combat fraud, strengthen the integrity of the immigration system, and protect U.S. workers," calling the current OPT program a "back door" into the U.S. workforce and saying foreign students should have to "justify their worth to employers."
OPT lets F-1 students work up to 20 hours a week while school is in session and for 12 months after graduation in a job related to their degree; STEM graduates may extend for 24 more months. For many international graduates, particularly in science and engineering from China and India, OPT is the bridge to an H-1B work visa.
The proposal is now in a 30-day public comment period and is not yet in effect. Like similar DHS proposals, it is widely expected to face swift legal challenges. In August, DHS proposed a $103,265 fee on H-1B petitions, weeks after an earlier six-figure H-1B charge was blocked by a federal court.
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：Graduation photo via Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0)
GSM Global · 本篇英文版 English edition of this story
- 2026-10-07 08:45国土安全部拟对留学生OPT收七万美元培训费，学校先缴费才能办毕业工签本篇
- 2026-11-03 12:24跟进：留学生OPT拟收费7万美元 公众意见征询11月9日截止
